INTER-kELATIONSHIP OF VIRUSES AND BACTERIA IN INFECTIVE DISEASES
نویسنده
چکیده
The newer antibiotics-aureomycin, terramycin and chloramphenicol-are effective against a wide range of bacteria and all known rickettsiae, but are only of value against a small group of viruses. These viruses are the large structurally complex ones, measuring about 250 to 300 millimicrons in diameter and approximating to the size and to the other features of rickettsiae. These antibioticsensitive large viruses consist of the psittacosislymphogranuloma venereum group, the. closelyrelated viruses of trachoma and inclusion conjunctivitis, and the agent, presumably viral, which causes cold haemagglutinin-positive primary atypical pneumonia. There is no good evidence that any other viruses are affected by these newer antibiotics, although numerous claims have been made of their efficacy in such virus diseases as influenza, herpes simplex, herpes zoster and chickenpox. The amelioration of symptoms, is presumably due to control of secondary bacterial infection. In this manner, of course, the antibiotic favourably influences the course of the disease. However, the improvement in the patient's condition is dute to a bacteriostatic, rather than any virucidal action, of the antibiotic. The cold sore of the lip due to the herpes simplex virus runs an unmodified course when the newer antibiotics effectively terminate a concomitant bacterial pneumonia. When the virologist undertakes to isolate the influenza virus from sputum, various antibiotics can be added to the sputum to control the bacteria present. In no way does this hinder successful influenza virus isolation. In view of the modifying influence of antibiotics on infectious disease processes, it is therefore pertinent to try to assess the relative roles of !oth bacteria and viruses. Frequently there: is a close inter-relationship, or there may even be mutual interdependence between viruses and bacteria in the production of the natural disease.
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تاریخ انتشار 2008